Submarine Simulations and Space Docking: Europe’s and India’s Bold Space Ventures

Explore the European Space Agency's innovative use of a Portuguese Navy submarine to simulate deep-space mission conditions, preparing astronauts for future lunar and Martian expeditions. Meanwhile, India's ISRO is set to launch the SpaDeX mission, marking a significant leap in space docking technology. These stories highlight the global advancements in space exploration, showcasing Europe's and India's commitment to pushing the boundaries of human ingenuity and scientific achievement.

Sources:
https://europeanspaceflight.com/esa-enlists-portuguese-navy-submarine-to-prepare-for-deep-space/
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/isro-to-launch-spadex-mission-on-dec-30-for-developing-space-docking-tech/articleshow/116641609.cms
https://mynews13.com/fl/orlando/news/2024/12/18/year-in-space-2024
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/12/24/nasa-probe-attempts-closest-ever-approach-to-the-sun

Outline:
(00:00:00) Introduction
(00:00:41) ESA Enlists Portuguese Navy Submarine to Prepare for Deep Space
(00:03:32) Isro to launch SpaDex mission on Dec 30 for developing space docking tech | India News
(00:06:52) Looking back at 2024's year in space
(00:09:59) NASA probe attempts closest ever approach to the sun